Yesterday found me leafing through a high-gloss magazine on French bulldogs one of my devoted clients had gifted me. I was immediately drawn to an article on “decoding Frenchie sounds,” expecting to be informed about airway issues.
Though it did touch on the concept of respiratory disease, it reveled in the snuffly-snorty Frenchie noises as an immensely cute characteristic of the breed—strike one. Next, this periodical proceeded to inform me that most Frenchies don’t suffer from brachycephalic syndrome (though, by definition, it’s the cause of all the “cute” snorting and snoring)—strike two.
It’s no wonder we Americans are buying up Frenchies by the truckload; we’re convinced they’re a healthier, cuter, more active version of the English bulldog. And while that may be true to some extent, publications like this are helping sell the breed based on false pretenses.
Frenchies are airway challenged and require special attention—which often requires surgery they typically don’t get. After forking over a $2,500 initial purchase price it’s hard to convince people they should be prepared to spend that amount three times over to keep their pet healthy and comfortable. Hence, it’s not a breed I’d recommend for families with a retriever mentality and no experience in canine health.
Yet I see more Frenchie purchases made every day by first-dog families. Add that handicap to the misinformation that passes for fact in magazines like this one and it’s no wonder I have to spend twice longer than necessary explaining why a dog that “breathes funny” is diseased by design.
And after all that, I still get the inevitable question: “Is she show quality?” Jeez, why don’t you just waterboard me. At least then I’d know I wasn’t really going to drown.
Inevitably and increasingly, the dog is not only not show quality but flawed in almost every major physical characteristic of the breed—except perhaps in its pathologies, which tend to flourish under genetic mismanagement. Have you seen Frenchies with curly ears, floppy ears, Boston faces, long legs and overlong tails? I have. Ever think what those mutations mean when it comes to the problems inherent in the breed?
“But he has papers!” Gee, Lady, give me an afternoon at Kinkos and I can give you papers for a whole litter that doesn’t even exist.
Those of you who know me know that I’m not really picking on Frenchies (I have two of them I adopted for health reasons). Though this breed’s sudden rise to popularity is more recent than others’, this is a story that might well apply to almost any other breed that’s ever entered the mainstream. Here’s the short version:
Unscrupulous breeders multiply to meet rising demand for a trendy breed. They care less about breeding for health and more about sticking to basic type so they can sell more pups out of as many bitches as they can. Even there, the sloppiness gets out of hand and the breed’s basic form degenerates. Next, newbie owners excited about having an expensive dog decide they should breed their babies and make as big a mint as their “breeder” did.
It’s a disgusting cycle I can only help break by informing clients that their beloved new pup is no doubt gorgeous to them—but nowhere near show quality and likely to need surgery to fix its obvious health problems. In sum: “Please don’t breed this dog!”
Last week brought me two such pups and I can only hope I don’t get flayed alive by the “breeder” after imparting my wisdom to her customers. You’d think common sense would dictate that you don’t buy a dog if you know you’re uneducated and even you can tell there’s something funny about a Frenchie whose ears don’t stand. In this case, regardless of what you read in any magazine, strike three’s all yours.
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Here, here....
This has happened to my breed (Australian Shepherds) and it is so disturbing.
Amy December 18th, 2007 08:56:00 AM
After watching my collie's breeder getting such grief from breeders who aren't interested in eliminating some of the breed problems, I believe that consumers can't be the only problem- but they do deserve better info than that magazine. Thanks for addressing this.
How is Sophie this morning? I was wondering about her last night.
Cindy December 18th, 2007 10:52:00 AM
***Hence, it’s not a breed I’d recommend for families with a retriever mentality and no experience in canine health.*** What is retriever mentality?
Sorry, but asking most vet's if a dog is show quality, is a waste of time. Ask health issues, not about specific breed type. (Getting a mental image of the vet whipping out a wicket to measure ...or asking for movement...) Just because a dog does not have any disqualifications, does not mean that it is show quality.
Education is the key, about animals in general, about a specific type or breed. About health issues inherent in a breed, or mix of breeds.
Jan December 18th, 2007 04:03:00 PM
I first started having dogs of my own in the 70's, when grossly deformed Bassets and lunatic Irish setters were common. Because of this, I've always gotten my dogs as adults from shelters or rescue groups, so I've been able to get some idea of the health and behavoir of the dogs. They have all been great dogs, whether mixed or fullbred.Until recently I always worked full time so I never considered gettting a puppy. Most of what I read about "purebred"puppies is pretty negative - puppy mills, poorly or overbred dogs, neglect, outright fraud. I'm not really interested in "show dogs", but is it possible to find a purebred dog these dogs with any certainity about current or future health?
Heather
heather December 18th, 2007 05:50:00 PM
Too many people buy a trend, or whatever breed their neighbour has, instead of buying a dog that suits their lifestyle, budget, etc. Seems that some people like to say their dog is purebred, and could be a show dog if they had the <time, money, experience> to follow the show circuit.
Why not rescue a dog? Nothing wrong with a mixed breed. And some rescue dogs are purebred - just no papers to prove it.
Robin December 18th, 2007 09:23:00 PM
Yes, Heather, it's possible to get purebred puppies with a reasonable certainty about health--but you have to deal with a reputable breeder, not a pet store or internet puppy-mill outlet or that nice lady across town who has two nice purebred dogs she's breeing.
One of the ways you can recognize a reputable breeder is that they not only tell you they've tested their breeding dogs for the known hereditary problems of the breed, but they show you the certificates--OFA, CERF, Optigen, BAER, for instance.
Another way is the provisions in their contracts--a real health guarantee for known hereditary problems for the life of the dog (not one or two years, because many problems don't present themselves tha early), and they will take the dog back at ANY time, for ANY reason, if you cannot or choose not to keep it. That last is a basic, fundamental requirement for being a responsible breeder--that they actually take responsibility for the dog for its lifetime, whch is why, when Dr. Patty told her tale of the bulldog with hip problems whose breeder would not take her back, and described her as a "well-bred beauty", several of us jumped all over that description. You don't get a well-bred dog from an irresponsible breeder--and a responsible breeder would've taken her back.
Another important detail that people seem to find remarkably non-obvious is that ALL responsible breeders show or compete theiir dogs in SOMETHING, so that knowledgable people other than themselves are judging whether or not their dogs really are "great dogs." Someone who doesn't do conformation shows, but competes in field or herding trials, or whatever activities are appropriate for the breed, may be a reputable, responsible breeder. Someone who doesn't show, or compete in something else, and says it's because competition is "too political" and they're just interested in breeding wonderful pets--run away. Run away very fast. They are only after your money, and are either ignorant of, or indifferent to, what's involved in breeding a healthy dog.
Lis December 18th, 2007 09:36:00 PM
Why would a magazine say that any dog with a shortened flat snout wouldn't have breathing problems?! It's a given!
I've wanted a frenchie but know that at this point in my life I would never be able to afford it. So me and my boyfriend looked up different breeds. We picked out a corgi because the health issues didn't include a long list and they seemed smart and friendly. However, I don't think this is a good dog for new owners neither (as with many breeds), because they are incredibly stubborn and most new dog owners don't like barkers.
Now, about people saying that their dog has papers when it obviously resembles nothing of breed standard is what i don't understand. I've seen many a person "he's purebred this!"..when it looks more like a mutt. Maybe that's just me and maybe I know too much. Or I'm just too opinionated?
Lis, you're right about your puppy picking information. I've been through all this hundreds of times! Wether for friends or family members. You can't just go pick out $50 puppies listed in the newspaper without seeing certificates and the parents. One last thing in a breeder though, Make sure they don't have about 5 litters at once. That's how you'll know they are only wanting money out of it and don't care about the health of the animals they are selling.
ashleigh December 18th, 2007 10:08:00 PM
Ashleigh, good point--responsible breeders breed one or two litters a year, tops.
Robin, yes, nothing wrong with mixed or purebred rescue dog, papers or no--but dogs are individuals, and people are individuals, and not everyone is going to find the right dog in a shelter or rescue, at the time when they're ready to take a dog into their home. In fact, if the percentage of new dogs taken into homes from shelters rather than from other sources went up to 30%, the shelters would be virtually empty of dogs ready to be adopted. Startlingly enough, there really aren't enough dogs in shelters for everyone who wants a dog to adopt rather than buy.
However, it remains true that a lot of people will find the right dog in a shelter or rescue, and more could find the right dog in a shelter if they weren't afraid to look there, if the shelters had more accessible hours, if more shelters had good adoption programs, offered some degree of support and training for new dog owners, etc.
But those who don't, for whatever reason, get a dog from a shelter, but still want to get a dog, need to be given the information about how to find a reputable breeder--and why buying a puppy online or in a pet store is both a really bad risk, and actively harmful to animals.
Lis December 19th, 2007 10:35:00 AM
Lis I could not have said it better..
Ashliegh , sorry to correct you..BUT there are some AWESOME reputable show breeders who have 4-5 litters at once..People who are respected and sought after..
Why? because thier girls just happen to come into season at one time...
Some breeds, like Frenchies do not cycle regularly and must be bred.. Why you say? if not they can be in danger of contracting Pyometria,an often fatal uterine infection..
Breeders who have a concrete plan in mind breed looking forward.By breeding one or two litters a year they will never accomplish the goal of getting the "dog " they want.. Look at the great show dogs. Look at the breeders they come from.. there are always more than one-two litters a year or at a time..
Remember a puppymill/byb can be ONE litter at a time...
cl December 19th, 2007 10:36:00 AM
Jan: Sorry for picking one dog type as an example. I meant to say that when average non-dog people think of getting a puppy they have an idea that dogs are all the same as far as basic care goes. The average dog needs food, water, play, puppy parks, poopy training and once a year vet visits. The "retriever breed" they grew up with is their typical reference. Though all dogs can have health issues, Bulldogs are much more intensive on this front.
Dr. Patty Khuly December 19th, 2007 11:34:00 AM
CL, no, there are no truly reputable breeders who have 4-5 litters at once.
Responsible breeders do not breed just because their females come into season. They do not breed their bitches every season They do not breed unhealthy dogs--and a bitch who can't go through a season without developing pyometria is not a healthy dog. They have a definite plan in mind in breeding--and achieving that goal means giving each bitch and her litter all the care and attention they need--and that means not having multiple litters, together or back-to-back. They achieve their breeding plans by careful selection and matching of bitch and stud, not by scattershot production of lots of puppies in the hopes that one will be "right." They know the PERFECT puppy does not exist; they aim to achieve better and better puppies. They take lifetime responsibility for EVERY puppy they produce--and that's not possible if they're producing large numbers of puppies every year.
What you're describing is what's known as a "show miller."
And while a byb may have only one or two litters a year (after all, many bybs have only two dogs, and kid themselves that they love their pets, too), a puppy miller IS a large scale commercial producer of puppies. They don't have one or two litters a year; that's not profitable enough.
Which is, of course, the real reason that the show millers you're describing have so many litters at once. They're not really trying to produce a better dog; at that rate of production, they can't even properly evaluate all those litters. They're trying to make a living off their dogs, and they're showing some of them because they've figured out that it lets them market their puppies to people who will pay more for a dog that they can imagine is "show quality," without having any real understanding of why showing is important, or what other questions they should ask.
Oh, and four or five pregnant bitches at once, of a breathing-challenged breed? Excuse me? That sounds like a good idea? That sounds like someone who's concerned about the dogs? Not to me, sorry.
Lis December 19th, 2007 11:51:00 AM
I just got back from vacation so am trying to catch up. I hope Sophie is feeling better! I got our Missy a set of steps so she can get on and off the couch without straining her back anymore. So far it has worked great for her.
I have a frenchie and have fostered another. We also have a pug. So I have friends with frenchies and pugs too. (and I do write for one of those glossy frenchie mags) I don't remember seeing that article but perhaps it was written in fun? I find sometimes the articles in small dog mags to be very frivolious in nature. I am a big dog owner who finds herself surprised by now having small dogs. The subculture of small dog owners can be a whole new world.
I have to admit I sometimes feel guilty for liking such a man made breed. For years I was a fan of the normal breeds for that reason. More natural looking, better respiratory health, etc. I've been in akitas for 16 years now. Hubby used to say he wanted a bulldog and I said no way because of the health issues involved. Cut to years later and here we are. My sister also has a english bulldog from our local shelter. He is sweet but my nickname for him is the walking vet bill.
I also have to admit I have considered getting into showing frenchies because I love their temperments but I hate the thought of the breeding part of showing. (geez I wish they had alter classes like cat shows do!) IF I ever do get into showing and possibly breeding I have already decided I would only do it to breed a healthier fenchie. I am on the fence about the whole process but have started doing some research just in case. I do have days where I swear I would never do it. But there are others I think I should because it would be for the right reasons. Then I read stuff like this and the guilt takes over. (why breed at all? There is no such thing as a healthier man made breed. Save the ones in rescue first right?)
I am fortunate in fiding a frenchie breeder that goes above and beyond in the health testing she does on her dogs. Our Missy came to us having been x-ray'd to the hilt and tested for just about everything. (I have copies of all of her medical files) She was also already an adult so we could see what we were getting. No that health tesing is 100%. It sure is better than not though.
When I was looking for a pug I couldn't get any breeders to tell me ANY testing/x-rays that was standard for the breed. That seemed really odd to me. Especially for a flat face breed. So our pug came from rescue. She has a longer face than a show pug but guess what, she can breathe normal because of it.
Aside from when I was a kid, she is my first rescue dog. The reason I have always gone the breeder route is so that I can avoid (as much as possible) the vet bills getting a rescue might entail. I can find out about the breeds issues health wise and find the ethical breeder that works to eliminate those problems.
I KNOW that you can get healthy well tempered dogs through rescue too. I know that because I work with them routinely. Now that I am more financially secure, I will be adopting more in the future. (all my cats come from shelters) For some people though the initial inventsment of going to a reputable breeder saves them alot down the road.
I see I have run this into the ditch to some extent. Sorry about that. Great topic. Food for thought on many levels. Glad to be home but freezing my butt off on the east coast!
Marie December 19th, 2007 12:04:00 PM
My biggest concern is the people that buy these high maintenance dogs and then aren't prepared to fork over the money necessary to care for them. I'm sorry but if you can't afford the vet, don't get the pet. Here we call it the Beagle mentality although I've know a couple of Beagles that needed cruciate surgery so I guess there is no free lunch.
In my opinion 98% of the people breeding dogs have NO business doing it. Its also pretty hard to get a feel for their foundation's health and lifespan when a majority of them sell or place their show and breeding dogs when they are only a few years old. I love purebred dogs and can't imagine not having at least some clue as to what my puppy will become but with petfinder and the thousands of pure bred dogs that need homes I also won't buy when I can rescue.
Jules December 19th, 2007 12:04:00 PM
I have also seen a cute little Frenchie cartoon with text along the lines of 'that funny sound is just how I breathe'
Um, no, I rather suspect it represented what obstructs that breathing? Funny what he can come to think of as normal.
emily December 20th, 2007 09:30:00 AM
Lis -- you rock!
Deanna December 21st, 2007 10:36:00 AM
Oh, purebred fancy nuttiness! With purebreds, even faults are virtues because, well, they're just so cute! I have learned to avoid any guide stamped with the AKC logo or publication devoted entirely to one breed as it means suddenly purebreds can do no wrong. My favorites are euphemisms such as "protective of family," "aloof," and "independent spirit". And they're all good with kids (or at least kids in "their" family). And forget breeding for health... ugh! We want a horrifyingly undershot jaw because it's just so damn adorable.
I see a lot of certain ways of thinking about breeding being repeated on the internet. But I have to agree with what Patricia McConnell said in The Other End of the Leash: breeders are given ribbons for breeding gorgeous dogs or dogs who excel in field and trials. No one lauds a breeder for breeding what most dogs are sold for: pets. Who gives a prize for health? For temperament? Why are we putting so much emphasis on showing or working if what we're looking for is a healthy, well-adjusted pet? And in that vein, why do we choose breeds over individuals? I imagine priorities of most pet-seekers are a high tolerance of handling, amiable attitude, people-focus, maybe a relative lack of loud vocalization and manageable exercise needs because let's face it, most of us can't keep up with a border collie. I have never found one breed which infallibly presents all of this, but I have met plenty of individual dogs who fit the bill (and so my experience makes me a die-hard for adopting adult dogs).
As much as we don't want to admit it, so much comes down to a fascination with aesthetically arranging an animal to our liking, with being able to say, "I got a [so and so]!". We love to buy the image with the dog.
Agnes December 22nd, 2007 12:50:00 PM
Just an FYI -- there's an influx of French and English bulldogs coming from puppymills in Russia.
Yes, RUSSIA.
They are so expensive here, that it's quite profitable to produce them there and ship 'em over.
Of the ones I've seen as young pups, every one of them has been 3-4 weeks younger than the age stated on the export paperwork. I think they are being shipped at about 4 weeks of age.
They are sold via the internet and newspaper ads by the brokers here. Usually they "meet halfway" to hand off the pup (cash only). In no case has the pup had the right paperwork to register it here -- not that this is the most important thing, but they are sold as registered/registerable.
They've all been running up big vet bills, and all have housebreaking and hard-mouthing issues. But that's true for every French and English bulldog pup I've ever seen. (I'm a trainer; I don't see the nice sweet lil' angels of any breed very often.) These imported dogs seem to be less extreme in breed-typical deformity than the "well-bred" animals from show breeders here.
But force-weaning and shipping at a month of age! I wonder how many die en route. They are certainly shell-shocked and unsocialized when I get to them. They especially need dog manners
I believe there is now an amendment in the farm bill to regulate the importation of dogs for resale that should help quash this disturbing trend. Thus far it's been Frenchies and English bulls; I'd hate to see this expand to more breeds, more pups.
H Houlahan December 30th, 2007 04:26:00 AM
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